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Practices:
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A Comparison:
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| Science-Based Healthcare | Scientifically Implausible Healthcare |
| Based on well-established laws, principles, or empirical findings in chemistry, biology, anatomy or physiology | Based on pre-scientific notions of bodily functioning and ideologies which are inconsistent with known scientific principles |
| Incorporates new discoveries in science | Ignores new discoveries in science, especially when inconsistent with belief system |
| Therapies abandoned when shown to be ineffective | Therapies not abandoned in spite of being shown ineffective |
| Use of scientifically implausible therapies considered unethical | Scientifically implausible therapies are the norm |
| Underlying principles consistent across science-based healthcare professions | Contradictions and inconsistencies among various practitioners |
| Purpose of research is to test hypotheses | Research seen as a means of confirming belief system |
| Various levels of evidence recognized based on quality of research; randomized placebo- controlled double-blind study is gold standard; anecdotes not considered evidence of effectiveness | Large quantity of poor research, often lacks controls, blinding; anecdotes used to support therapies |
| Unproven claims not stated as facts to patients | Unproven claims stated as facts to patients |